Produced by the Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS) The Philippine Journal of Development, formerly Journal of Philippine Development, is a professional journal published twice a year which focuses on the various aspects of Philippine development particularly on economy, business, public administration, foreign relations, sociology, political dynamics and other topics which have strong policy implications on Philippine concerns. The Journal serves as a publication outlet of research studies conducted under the auspices of the Institute for greater dissemination and wider reach of the Institute’s target audience. The target readers include policymakers, planners, key government officials and other interested individuals and organizations with particular focus on both local and foreign-based researchers and research institutions and the academe.